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Depression

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Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Depressiva symtom under minst en sammanhängande tvåveckorsperiod. Symtomen förorsakar kliniskt signifikant lidande eller betydande funktionsförlust och beror inte på effekter av någon substans eller annat medicinskt tillstånd.
Förekomst:
Troligen får 15–25 % av alla kvinnor och 7–12 % av alla män behandlingskrävande depression någon gång i livet.
Symtom:
Kärnsymtom är sänkt stämningsläge, brist på intresse och glädje samt ökad trötthet.
Kliniska fynd:
Kliniska fynd är ofta normala utöver nedstämdhet. 
Diagnostik:
Diagnostiken bygger på anamnesen. Bedömningsinstrument kan vara till hjälp. Fysiskt status och labprover utesluter andra tillstånd.
Behandling:
Standardbehandling är psykologisk behandling och/eller behandling med antidepressiva läkemedel. Vid svårare tillstånd kan elektrokonvulsiv behandling (ECT), tillägg av litium till antidepressiva läkemedel eller transkraniell magnetstimulering prövas.
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  • Anna Nager, med dr och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet