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Graviditetsillamående, emesis och hyperemesis gravidarum

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Definition:
Emesis är beteckningen på graviditetsillamående under första trimestern. Hyperemesis är ihållande illamående och kräkningar som fortsätter efter första trimestern samt ger nedsatt allmäntillsånd, elektrolytrubbningar med mera.
Förekomst:
Emesis upplevs av fler än 70 % av alla gravida kvinnor, medan endast 1 % drabbas av hyperemesis.
Symtom:
Illamående, ofta åtföljt av kräkningar och ökad salivsekretion, ofta under hela dagen.
Kliniska fynd:
Viktminskning är vanligt, möjligen. dehydrering och elektrolytstörningar
Diagnostik:
Vikt, elektrolyter, ketonuri i svåra fall. Kontrollera leverfunktionen.
Behandling:
Vid måttligt graviditetsillamående är läkemedel relevant. Vid hyperemesis kan sjukhusvård bli aktuellt för intravenös vätska.
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  • Athena Adeli, legitimerad läkare, Karolinska Institutet