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Ulcerös kolit

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Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Ospecifik, sammanhängande slemhinneinflammation i kolon. Orsaken är okänd, ökad förekomst bland förstagradssläktingar.
Förekomst:
Incidens i Sverige är 20/100 000 årligen. Debut vanligen vid 20–40 års ålder.
Symtom:
Blodig och slemmig diarré.
Kliniska fynd:
Varierar med sjukdomsaktivitet och utbredning. Ömhet vid bukpalpation, eventuellt tecken på anemi. 
Diagnostik:
Hb, SR, CRP, LPK, TPK och albumin ger en indikation på systemisk påverkan. Kalprotektin i avföring  som screening om inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom och vid försämring.
Behandling:
Aminosalicylater (5-ASA) och kortikosteroider används oftast initialt. Immunmodulerande behandling används vid dålig effekt och vid remission trots underhållsbehandling med 5-ASA. Utebliven respons på läkemedel är indikation för kolektomi.
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  • Anna Nager, docent och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet

Tidigare sakkunniga

  • Bjørn Moum, professor i gastroenterologi, Oslo Universitetssykehus