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IBS, Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Funktionella magbesvär med buksmärtor kopplat till avföringsrubbning med perioder av diarré och/eller förstoppning.
Förekomst:
Cirka 5 % av befolkningen har IBS.
Symtom:
Tillståndet kännetecknas av buksmärtor som är relaterade till tarmperistaltiken, vilket kan innebära att smärtan förändras vid tarmtömning eller att tarmtömningsfrekvensen/konsistensen förändras i samband med smärta. Några har omväxlande diarré och förstoppning, medan andra har dominerande symtom av antingen diarré eller förstoppning. Uppblåsthetskänsla och tarmtömningssymtom som trängningar eller känsla av ofullständig tömning är vanligt förekommande.
Kliniska fynd:
Inga onormala kliniska fynd vid undersökning.
Diagnostik:
Det finns inga specifika tester som kan påvisa IBS.
Behandling:
Adekvat undersökning och information till patienten om tillståndet. Ändring av livsstilsfaktorer kan hjälpa. Beroende på symtombördan kan läkemedelsbehandling, kostbehandling eller psykologisk behandling bli aktuell.
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  • Susanna Walter, docent och specialist i gastroenterologi, Universitetssjukhuset i Linköping
  • Anna Nager, docent och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet