Autoimmun hepatit
Senast reviderad:
Sakkunnig:Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
Definition:
Kronisk icke-infektiös hepatit med misstänkt autoimmun genes.
Förekomst:
Incidens på ca 1/100 000 invånare och år och en prevalens kring 16–18/100 000 invånare.
Symptom:
Varierar. 1/3 av patienter debuterar med akut och allvarlig sjukdom. 1/3 av patienter debuterar med komplikationer av cirros och portahypertension. Vanligaste symtom är trötthet, ikterus och/eller klåda.
Fynd:
Ofta inga, förutom ikterus och andra tecken på leversjukdom.
Diagnostik:
Karakteristiska biokemiska fynd (förhöjd nivå av leverenzymer och hypergammaglobulinemi, cirkulerande autoantikroppar) och typiska histologiska fynd, samt uteslutande av andra leversjukdomar.
Behandling:
Prednison och eventuellt azatiopin. Vid leversvikt levertransplantation.
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- Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, professor och överläkare, Medicinkliniken gastrosektionen, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset, Göteborg
Tidigare sakkunniga
- Eiliv Brenna, avdelingsoverlege, Medisinsk avdeling, Regionsykehuset i Trondheim