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Mononukleos

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Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Viralt syndrom med feber, halsinfektion och svullna lymfkörtlar, nästan alltid förorsakat av Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV). Kallas även körtelfeber.
Förekomst:
Vanlig orsak till halsont bland barn och ungdomar (särskilt i åldrarna 16–20 år), men ovanligare hos vuxna efter 25 års ålder.
Symtom:
Ofta asymtomatiskt hos yngre. Halssmärtor och feber.
Kliniska fynd:
Typisk sjukdomsbild är feber, kraftigt svullna tonsiller med tjocka gråvita beläggningar och förstorade lymfkörtlar, framförallt på halsen. Ibland förstorad lever och mjälte.
Diagnostik:
Lymfocytos i akutfasen. Antikroppar kan påvisas i snabbtest efter 1–2 veckor. Diagnosen kan bekräftas med serologi.
Behandling:
Symtomlindrande behandling och vila. I undantagsfall behövs inläggning med intravenös vätskebehandling.
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  • Anna Nager, docent och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet