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Förkylning

Senast reviderad:
Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Virusinfektion i de övre luftvägarnas slemhinnor. Benämns ofta ÖLI (övre luftvägsinfektion). Rinovirus är vanligt agens, men också andra virus förekommer. 
Förekomst:
I genomsnitt har barn 6–8 förkylningar/år och vuxna 2–4 förkylningar/år.
Symtom:
Initialt halsont, trötthet och eventuell feber. Dessa symtom försvinner efter några dagar och efterföljs av täppt näsa, snuva och hosta som uppträder inom 24–48 timmar efter symtomstart.
Kliniska fynd:
Kliniska fynd kan vara rodnad i svalget, speciellt på främre gombågen, ödematös nässlemhinna, eventuellt med sekret. Barn med adenovirusinfektion får ofta konjunktival injektion.
Diagnostik:
Klinisk bild. I regel inte behov av någon kompletterande undersökning. Högt CRP kan indikera bakteriell infektion.
Behandling:
Symtomatisk behandling.
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  • Anna Nager, docent och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet