Basaliom
Senast uppdaterad: Senast reviderad:
Sakkunnig:Mikael Tarstedt
Defintion:
Malign cellförändring som utgår från hudens stratum basale. Drabbar framförallt solexponerade områden.
Förekomst:
Basaliom är den vanligaste cancertypen bland ljushyade personer. Antalet nya PAD-verifierade fall i Sverige är cirka 50 000 årligen.
Symtom:
Hudförändring, sår eller knuta som växer långsamt på solexponerad hud.
Kliniska fynd:
Nodulärt och ulcererande: sår som inte läker och med vallartad kant, alternativt rosa knuta med pärlemorskimrande yta och telangiektasier. Diffust infiltrerande eller skleroserande: vitt till gulrosa infiltrerat, ärrliknande plack utan skarp gräns. Ytligt eller multifokalt: Långsamt växande erytematösa, lätt fjällande, ibland multipla, tunna plack som kan bli flera cm i diameter; kan felaktigt uppfattas som eksem eller psoriasis.
Diagnostik:
Diagnosen kan ofta ställas kliniskt, men ska alltid bekräftas med biopsi.
Behandling:
Huvudsaklig behandling är kirurgisk excision. Fotodynamisk behandling, immunmodulerande läkemedel och kyrettage kombinerad med kryo-, laser- eller elektrodesiccationsbehandling är behandlingsalternativ. Prognosen är mycket god.
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- Mikael Tarstedt, överläkare, Hudmottagningen, Karlskoga lasarett
- Anna Nager, med dr och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet