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Atopiskt eksem, atopisk dermatit

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Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Kronisk, återkommande, inflammatorisk hudsjukdom med torr hud, klåda och utslag hos såväl barn som vuxna associerad med atopiska sjukdomar, såsom astma och allergisk rinit.
Förekomst:
Förekommer hos 5–30 % av skolbarn och hos 2–10 % av den vuxna befolkningen
Symtom:
Klåda och utslag i huden. Vanliga platser för utslagen varierar beroende på ålder (vanligast i ansiktet, runt ögonen, på halsen och övre delen av bålen, i böjveck såsom arm- och knäveck.
Kliniska fynd:
Torr, kliande hud. Beroende på ålder förekommer utslagen på olika platser. 
Diagnostik:
Oftast behövs ingen vidare diagnostik. Hos spädbarn med svårbehandlat eksem kan remiss till barnläkare för allergeologisk utredning övervägas. 
Behandling:
Består av kontinuerlig användning av mjukgörande, lokala kortikosteroider (i första hand), eventuellt kalcineurinhämmare, vid behandlingssvikt kan fototerapi och systemisk behandling övervägas.
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  • Remy Waardenburg, specialist i allmänmedicin, medicinsk redaktör Medibas