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Lungemboli

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Definition:
Lungemboli, LE, är en ocklusion (blodpropp) i en eller flera lungartärer, oftast som led i venös tromboembolism (emboli från DVT).
Förekomst:
Incidensen LE i Sverige är cirka 65 per 100 000 invånare och år. Incidensen ökar med stigande ålder, och är bland personer >80 år 300–400 per 100 000 invånare och år.
Symtom:
Symtombilden skiljer sig mycket och har ett brett spektrum från lätt rethosta, akut svår andnöd och till plötslig död.
Kliniska fynd:
Takypné av olika grad, eventuellt chocksymtom; gråblek och fuktig hud, svag och snabb puls och lågt blodtryck hos medtagen och orolig patient.
Diagnostik:
Kompletterande undersökningar är D-dimer, EKG, DT lungartärer eller lungskintigrafi.
Behandling:
Akutbehandling med heparin eller NOAK, eventuellt trombolys. NOAK är förstahandsval som sekundärprofylax.
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  • Peter J Svensson, professor och överläkare, Koagulationscentrum, Skånes universitetssjukhus
  • Anna Nager, med dr och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet