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Hypertoni

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Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Hypertoni utgör en riskfaktor för hjärt-kärlsjukdom och delas in i mild, måttlig och svår hypertoni. 
Förekomst:
I Sverige beräknas ungefär 25–30 % av den vuxna befolkningen ha hypertoni.
Symtom:
Hypertoni ger i regel inga symtom, förutom vid mycket högt blodtryck.
Kliniska fynd:
Diagnosen ställs efter upprepade blodtrycksmätningar under standardiserade förhållanden.
Diagnostik:
Gränsen för hypertoni är ett medelvärde >140/90 mmHg vid upprepade mätningar. Förutom mätningar på vårdenheter kan hemblodtryckmätningar och ambulatorisk blodtrycksmätning ingå. 
Behandling:
Livsstilsåtgärder och eventuellt läkemedel rekommenderas, beroende på graden av hypertoni. Vid måttlig–svår hypertoni bör behandlingen påbörjas snarast, ofta i form av kombinationsbehandling från två läkemedelsgrupper.
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  • Peter M Nilsson, allmänläkare, professor i klinisk kardiovaskulär forskning och forskargruppschef Internmedicin - Epidemiologi; samt överläkare vid Klinisk Forskningsenhet, VO Internmedicin, SUS, Malmö