Feokromocytom
Senast uppdaterad: Senast reviderad:
Sakkunnig:Anna Nager
Definition:
Katekolaminproducerande neuroendokrin tumör som utgår från kromaffina celler i binjuremärgen (80–85 %) eller sympatiska ganglier (15–20 %). Cirka 1/3 har en ärftligt bakomliggande orsak och 90 % är benigna.
Förekomst:
Incidensen av feokromocytom är 2–8 per 1 000 000 årligen.
Symtom:
Attackvisa symtom, i första hand med huvudvärk, svettningar och hjärtklappning.
Kliniska fynd:
Manifest hypertoni som ofta behandlingsresistent (50–60 %) eller paroxysmal hypertoni (30 %).
Diagnostik:
Vid symtom som tyder på feokromocytom eller vid incidentalom, det vill säga accidentellt upptäckt binjuretumör >1 cm vid bilddiagnostisk undersökning, undersöks metoxikatekolaminer i plasma (alternativt i dygnsmängd urin).
Behandling:
I första hand excision av tumör. Lång uppföljning på grund av risk för recidiv.
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- Anna Nager, med dr och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet