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Anafylaxi

Senast reviderad:
Sakkunnig:
Definition:
Akut, svår, snabbt insättande och potentiellt livshotande systemisk överkänslighetsreaktion med symtom från flera organsystem via immunologiska eller icke-immunologiska mekanismer.
Förekomst:
Uppskattningsvis 50 fall per 100 000 personer årligen.
Symtom:
Uppstår vanligen akut inom 5–30 minuter efter exponering för ett allergen. Tidiga symtom kan vara värmekänsla, klåda, trötthet och yrsel.
Kliniska fynd:
Hudreaktioner, cirkulationssvikt, andningsproblem, cerebrala symtom.
Diagnostik:
Inga initiala tilläggsundersökningar.
Behandling:
Akutbehandling: Lägg patienten med benen högt, säkra fria luftvägar, ge adrenalin intramuskulärt, ge vätska intravenöst.
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  • Patrik Nordenfelt, överläkare, Lung- och allergimottagningen, Länssjukhuset Ryhov, Jönköping
  • Anna Nager, docent och specialist i allmänmedicin, Karolinska institutet